New York High Line: Old Railroad Parked

New York High Line: The Old Railroad Has Been Parked: A park in New York is very different from the others. The park called 'The High Line' was originally a railway line called 'West Side Line' until 1980.There were flights from the railroad to the lower west side of Manhattan. Almost 20 years later, in August 1999 Joshua David and Robert Hammond Two neighborhood residents named a meeting discussing the future of the railroad, a few months after the meeting, the David and Hammond duo started a donation campaign and moved to change the freeway.

The duo, which also founded an association called 'High Line Friends', worked to improve it over the years. The campaign of David and Hammond was successful and the abandoned railroad became a green area where residents and passers-by can relax and have a good time. After its opening in 2009, it became one of the most visited places in New York with 4 million visitors a year. In fact, it has become so popular worldwide that it is on the agenda to make copies in cities such as London, Chicago, Philadelphia and Rotterdam.

The High Line (aka High Line Park) is located in a high area on the disused New York Central Railroad mountain road, which we call the West Side Line in Manhattan and is 1.45 miles (2.33 km) long. High Line reorganization and greening studies were carried out, inspired by the Promenade Plantée, a similar project completed in Paris in 1993. The most important part of this arrangement is to use the Rail-to-trail roads, that is to turn the railway into a walkway.

The High Line Park operates in the area between the unused south part of the West Side Line and the southwestern part of Manhattan. Meatpacking district from Gansevoort Street - 34th street on the north corner of West Side Yard near Javits Convention Center. It is between three blocks below the street. It is on an unopened mountain road stretching from the 14th street to the 30th street. At first, the West Side Line only extended to the terminal of Spring street north of Canal street, while most of the lower part was removed in 10, then a small part was removed in 1960.

An urban park was started to be built in 2006 to reuse the railway, the first part was opened in 2009 and the second part was opened in 2011. The third and last part of it was officially opened to the public on September 21, 2014. The small area between 10th street and 30th street, which is still closed at the opening, will open in 2015. The project has revitalized the region by causing large real estate investments in the area around it. Since September 2014, the park has been visited by about 5 million visitors every year.

Term

The park runs from Gansevoort Street to 34th street. On the 30th street, the high road turns from the Hudson Yards Redevelopment Project to the Jacob K. Javits Convention Center on 34th street, but the western region is expected to integrate with Hudson Yards Development to Hudson Park and Boulevard. When the Western yard of the Hudson Yard's Redevelopment Project is finished in 2018, it will be higher than the High Line Park, so a way out will be placed from the viaduct to the West Side Yard, towards Hadson Yard's Western Rail Yard. Entrance of 34th street is at ground level for wheelchair transportation.

The park is open from 11 a.m. to 7 p.m. in winter, and operates from 7 p.m. to 1 p.m. in spring and autumn, and from 11 p.m. to 5 p.m. in the summer, except for the side road west of the 11th street, which is open until the credibility. It can be accessed through 14 entrances, 16 of which are disabled entrances. The wheelchair entrances with both stairs and elevators are on the 23th, 30th, 18rd and 20th streets of Gansevoort. Only entrances with stairs are located on 26th, 28th, 11th and 34th streets and 30th avenues. Access on the street From 11th street to 34th street / XNUMX. It is provided by an alley between the street and the XNUMXth street.

Rota

Taking its name from the area at the end of Gansevoort street between north and south, Tiffany and Co. Foundation Overlook was dedicated here in July 2012; The institution was the park's biggest supporter, and then extended from The Standard Hotel to the arcade of 14th street. The High Line is divided into different elevations on the 14th street; On the lower side is the Diller-Von Furstenberg Water Feature, which opened in 2010, while on the higher side there is a veranda.

Next, the High Line continues from Chelsea Market on 15th street. The area connecting the viaduct and the National Biscuit Company is separated on the 16th street; this zone is closed to the public. The amphitheater in the viaduct is the 10th street square, the 10th street extending in the southeast-northwest direction where the High Line crosses the 17th street. On the 23rd street there is a grassy area where visitors can relax. Between the 25th and 26th streets is a scenic ramp that takes visitors to the viaduct. Named after the park's two major donors, the Philip A. and Lisa Maria Falcone ramp was built based on the plan of the Phase 1 overpass, which was abandoned.

The park curves to Phase 3 in the west and merges with the 30th street area, which expands on the 10th street and 2015th street, and the last one will open in 10. In Phase 3, another ramp takes visitors over the viaduct on 11th street. In addition, there is a playground made of railway parts, silicon-covered beams and columns made of Pershing Beams, an area with a large number of benches and three roads that can be passed through the railway remains. Moreover, there are benches that can be viewed as views, built in the form of a xylophone that makes a sound when hit. The 11th street divides between the 30th street and 34th street into a gravel walkway between the viaduct viaduct and the old road where there are still railway tracks. This old road is temporarily open and will be closed for renovation when the area on 10th street is completed. The High Line continues from one point of the 12th street to the north. Curves east on the 34th street and ends in the middle of the 11th and 12th streets with its handicapped ramp.

Touristic places

The park's beauty includes the Hudson River and city views. In addition, in order to beautify the region, new species were introduced by staying true to the natural vegetation. There are walking paths made of concrete, swelling and jamming, with swings on both sides. The traces and remains found on the High Line evoke its previous use. Some ruins were actually restored appropriately to watch the river view. Most of the 210 plant varieties that are not unique to America alone are meadow plants, clustered lawns, wand flowers, cone flowers and shrubs. Birch trees in the grove consisting of many different types at the end of Gansevoort street create spotted shadows every evening. The Ipe timber used for built-in benches was brought from a forest approved by the Forest Stewardship Council to ensure biodiversity, water resources, sensitive ecosystem and sustainable use.

The High Line park also has cultural attractions. As part of a long-term plan, the park hosted temporary facilities and various performances. Creative Time, Friends of The High Line, and New York City Depratment of Parks and Recreation used Spencer Finch's The River That Flows Both Ways as an artistic element at the opening ceremony. This work was combined with the bay window of the old Nabisco Factory loading dock as a series of 700 glass plates in purple and gray. Each color is precisely calibrated to the central pixel of 700 digital images of the Hudson river taken at one minute intervals, thus providing a wide portrait of the river from which the artifact is named. When Creative Time saw the rusted and unused battens of the old factory, where metal and glass expert Jaroff Design helped prepare and rebuild, he realized the regional concept that emerged. In the summer of 2010, a sound installation was made of cymbals heard throughout New York, composed by Stephen Vitiello. Lauren Ross, formerly director of the alternative arts space for White Coloumns, was the first art director of the High Line park. Two works of art were made during the construction of the second area between the 20th and 30th streets. Sarah Sze's “Still Life with Landscape (Model for a Habitat)”, located between the 20th and 21st streets, is made of steel and wood and this structure provided shelter for animals such as birds and butterflies. Another work made is Julianne Swartz's "Digital Emphaty" work that emerged during the second part of the building, used for voice commands in recreation rooms, elevators and water sources.

Historical

In 1847, New York City allowed him to use the railroad to transport west of Manhattan. For security, the men who would wave and ride horses in front of the trains commissioned "West Side Cowboys". Despite this, many accidents occurred between transport trains and other vehicles, as a result of these accidents the 10th street became known as the death street.

After years of public discussion of the accidents, in 1929 the city - New York - and the New York Central Railroad approved a large project designed by Robert Moses, including the construction of the West Side Elevated Highway. The 13-mile (21 km) long project eliminated 105 road sections, saving Riverside Park 32 acres (13 hectares). This project cost US $ 150,000,000 (approximately US $ 2,060,174,000 today).

The High Line viaduct and later a western part of the New York Connecting Railroad were opened to trains in 1934. Originally from 34th Street to St. John's Park terminal and was designed to run through the center of the blocks rather than across the street. It also allowed trains to load and unload by connecting directly to factories and warehouses. Milk, meat, products and raw and processed products were loaded and unloaded without affecting the traffic on the streets. This also eased the burden of the Bell Laboraties Building, which has been home to the Westbeth Artists Community since 1970, and the former Nabisco facility that guarded the siding in the Chelsea Market building.

The train also passed under the Western Electric Complex on Washington street. This part was still in force on May 18,2008 and was unrelated to the completed parts of the park.

The development of interstate trucking in the 1950s caused train traffic across the country to decline, so by the 1960s the southernmost part of the line was destroyed. This area starts on Gansevort Street, continues on Washington Street, ends on Spring Street just north of Canal Street, making up almost half of the line. The last train on the rest of the line was used by Conrail in 1980.

In the mid-1980s, a group of property owners who owned land below the line negotiated the demolition of the entire structure. Peter Obletz, a Chelsea citizen, activist, and a railway fan, took his demolition efforts to court and even tried to provide the rail service again. However, in the late 1980s, the northern end of the High Line was disconnected from the rest of the national rail system because the High Line was expected to be demolished. Due to the construction of the Empire Connection to Penn Station in the spring of 1991, new rail lines were diverted to the new Empire Connection tunnel under Penn Station. In the West Village, a small section of the High Line, from the bank to Gansevoort street, left in 1991 despite the protests of those who wanted the High Line to stay.

In the 1990s, the line was unusable and damaged (although the reinforced steel and the structure was structurally intact), and several local researchers and residents discovered that there were hard, drought-resistant lawns, shrubs, and hardy trees around the abandoned railway. ZamUnder the head of the moment, Ridy Giuliani, he was punished with destruction.

Renovation Works

In 1999, the non-profit Friends of the High Line was created by Joushua David and Robert Hammond, residents of the area where the line crosses. They supported maintaining the line and opening it back to the public so a park or greenery would be built similar to the Promenade Plantée in Paris. CSX TransportationJoel Sternfield, owner of the High Line, gave one year leave to photograph the line. These photographs of the line showing the natural beauty of the tea-like structure were discussed in an episode of the Great Museums documentary series. These photos surfaced in every discussion about the preservation of the High Line. In 1997, Diane von Fürstenberg, who moved her New York headquarters to the Meatpacking District, organized donation campaigns in her studio with her husband, Barry Diller. With the growth of the committee in 2004, supporting the redevelopment of the High Line for pedestrian use, the New York administration promised $ 50 million for the park in question. New York president Michael Bloomberg and city council speaker Gifford Miller and Christine C. Quinn were key supporters. In total, the donation raised for the High Line was more than $ 150 million ($ 2015 at 164,891,000 exchange rate).

On June 13, 2005, the US Federal Surface Transportation Board issued the temporary train use certificate that allowed most lines in the national rail system to be disconnected. Park James Corner's New York-based architecture firm Field Operations and architect Diller Scofidio + Renfro designed Dutch Piet Outdolf's afforestation works, L'Observatioire International's lighting works and Buro Happold's engineering studies. Among the president's supporters were Phlipp Falcone, Diane von Fürstenberg, Barry Diller and von Fürstenberg's children Alexander von Fürstenberg and Tatiana von Fürstenberg. Hotel developer Andre Balazs, owner of Chateau Marmont in Los Angeles, built the 13-room Standard Hotel on the High Line west of 337th Street.

The southernmost of the High Line, from Gansevoort street to 20th street, was opened as a city park on June 8, 2009. In this southern part, on the 14th street and on the 16th street, there are 5 stairs and an elevator. The construction of the second part started on the same dates.

The opening of the second part from the 7th to the 2011th on the 20th of June 30 was held with the participation of President Michael Bloomberg, New York City Council Speaker Christine Quinn, Manhattan City Manager Scott Stringer and MP Jerrold Nadlerin.

In 2011 it zamWhile CSX Transportation, which holds the northernmost part of the area from 30th street to 34th street, pledged to donate to the city, Related Companies holding the development rights of West Side Rail Yard agreed not to demolish the area that cuts the 10th street. Construction of the last part started in September 2012.

Following the opening of the High Line on September 20, 2014, the third part of the High Line opened on September 21, 2014, and a parade was held on the High Line. The third part, which cost 76 million dollars, was divided into two parts. Opened on September 21 and cost 75 million, the first piece was from the end of the Second Section of the already existing High Line to the 11th Street west of 34th Street. The second piece will feature arrangements like the bowl-shaped theater, which will not be completed until a few years after the High Line Park is fully opened. It will also be integrated with 2013 Hudson Yards built in 10 above the High Line area; This zone will not open until the 2015 Hudson Yards are completed in 2016 or 10.

The transformation of the railway into a city park resulted in a revival of Chelsae, which was generally in poor condition in the late 20th century. It also led to the development of real estate around the line. President Bloomberg stated that the High Line project will lead to renewal in the region; By 2009, more than 30 projects were planned or in draft. The residents of the region, which has a home around the High Line, have adapted to the existence of this place in many ways, and many reactions have been positive, but some have claimed that it has been a tourist destination since the park opened. Nobody was harmed by this real estate boom, but local institutions in the west of Chelsea had to close because of the rising rents and losing customers in the region.

Crime rate was very low in the park. Shortly after the opening of the second zone in 2011, the New York Times stated that no major crimes such as theft and assault had been recorded since the first part opened two years ago. Park Enforcement Patrols stated that parking rules were violated at a lower rate than Central Park. Supporters of the park attributed the ability to see the High Line from surrounding buildings to the traditional urbanism trend that Jane Jacobs had defended nearly 50 years ago. Empty parks are dangerous, hail is much less dangerous, and you're never alone on the High Line, according to Joshua David, partner of Friends of the High Line.

A New Yorker columnist complains about the emergence of a new, touristy, unnecessarily expensive and glamorous Chelsae, with the influx of visitors on the weekends, while evaluating the HighLiner restaurant, which is replacing a classic Empire Dinner.

The success of the High Line in New York encouraged leaders in other cities, such as Chicago President Rahm Emanuel, who saw this success as a symbol and catalyst for the nobility of the area. Philadelphia and St. Louis. Many cities such as started railway infrastructure works in parks. It will run through several districts in Chicago, where the 2.7-mile (4,3 km) Bloomingdale Trail is located on the old railway infrastructure. According to estimates, it would cost less to turn an abandoned urban railroad into a park than to demolish it. James Corner, one of the designers of the Bloomingdale Trail, "The High Line cannot be easily imitated in other cities," considering the fact that districts must be framed in order to be successful when building a good park. said. The Queensway, the old LIRR Rockaway Beach Branch road, is being considered to be reactivated in Queens, where new roads are proposed to be built with the regulation of the rail. Elevated railway parks are planned to be built in other cities around the world. One author describes this as the "High Line effect."

Depending on the popularity of the High Line, many museums are proposed to be opened in the region. The Dia Art Foundation evaluated its proposal to build a museum on Gansevoort street, but later rejected it. Instead, the Whitney Museum built a new home for the American Art collection in the same area. This building was designed by Renzo Piano and opened on March 1, 2015.

In Popular Culture

The High Line has been portrayed countless times in the media before and after reorganization. In the 1979 Manhattan movie, director and star of the movie Woody Allen in the first replica "Episode 1 admires New York." He mentioned the High Line. In 1984, director Zbigniew Rybczynski made a clip on the Art of Noise's Close (to the Edit) on the High Line.

Two years after the foundation of the nonprofit Friends of High Line, in 2, photographer Joel Sternfeld documented the natural environment and destroyed condition of the line in his book Walking the High Line. The book also included articles by author Adam Gopnik and historian John R. Stilgoe. Strenfeld's work was regularly discussed and exhibited throughout the 2001s as improvement projects continued. Similarly, in Alan Weisman's 2000 edition of The World Without Us, Hihg Line was cited as an example of a revitalization of an abandoned area. The same year, the chase scenes of the zombie infestation in the movie I am Legend were filmed on the line and in the Meatpacking District. It is an eco-friendly song using High Line, the 2007 originated hip-hop song of Kinetics & One Love. In this song, he shows the High Line as an example of nature taking back structures made by man.

With the opening of the High Line, many movies and TV shows came back to back. In 2011, Louie used the High Line as the meeting place for one of the main characters. Other scenes filmed on the High Line since its opening include Girls, HBO, the Simpsons episode "Moonshine River" and What Maisie Knew.